Seismic ground amplification by unlined tunnels subjected to vertically propagating SV and P waves using BEM     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2015

Recent researches have revealed that the seismic ground response above tunnels can be different from the free-field motion during earthquakes. Nevertheless, to the best of the authors׳ knowledge, neither building codes nor seismic microzonation guidelines have yet considered this matter. In the present study, the seismic response of a linear elastic medium including a buried unlined tunnel subjected to vertically propagating incident SV and P waves are addressed. For analysis purposes, a numerical time-domain analysis is performed by utilizing a robust numerical algorithm working based on the boundary element method. It is observed that the amplification of the ground surface underlain by a tunnel is increased in long periods. The variation of the amplification factor and characteristic period of the medium versus the buried depth of the tunnel are depicted as the major results of this study. Some simple and useful relations are proposed for estimating the seismic microzonation of the areas underlain by tunnels. These relations can also be used for the preliminary seismic design of structures located on underground structures.  相似文献   

A power flow analysis of a double-deck circular tunnel embedded in a full-space     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

The purpose of the present investigation is to obtain the mean power flow radiated by a double-deck circular tunnel and compares it to the one radiated by a simple circular tunnel. To achieve this, a harmonic line load is applied on the interior floor of the first one and at the bottom of the second one. For the double-deck tunnel, a new analytical model based on the receptance method is developed. The proposed model describes the dynamics of the interior floor using the thin plate theory and considers the Pipe in Pipe (PiP) model to describe the tunnel and soil coupled system. Plain strain conditions are assumed for both systems and conservative coupling is considered between them. Numerical results show significant differences between the power flow radiated by both tunnels, with the one radiated by the double-deck tunnel reaching much higher values. The effect of modifying the flexural rigidity of the interior floor is also presented.  相似文献   

Coupled finite element and discrete element method for underground blast in faulted rock masses     

Z.L. Wang  H. Konietzky  R.F. Shen 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

This paper focuses on the propagation and dynamic effects of blast waves in faulted rock masses. A coupled method combining UDEC and LS-DYNA is presented whereby the explosion process is simulated by LS-DYNA while the wave propagation and its dynamic effects in rock masses with faults are modeled by UDEC. The blast-induced crack evolution and failure zone distribution in faulted rock masses are explored using the proposed coupled method. The relationship between rock failure and fault parameters such as dip, stiffness and friction are also investigated. The results indicate that the coupled method is feasible and effective for evaluating explosion in discontinuous rock system and the existence of faults exerts significant influence on the pattern of rock masses failure.  相似文献   

粉煤灰重金属铬的二次污染:某电厂灰场周围地下水Cr6+污染事例   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

覃嘉铭  裴建国  郭慧霞  职音 《中国岩溶》2001,20(3):189-195

重金属铬含量低于岩石圈的平均值,而与沉积岩平均含量大体相当的某电厂灰场的粉煤灰,竟是该区地下水Cr6+的污染源,的确是令人难以理解,并因而导致当地发生了一件难断的民事纠纷。本项工作通过一系列的浸泡和淋溶模拟试验,弄清了铬的转移过程及迁移机理,结果表明: 降水相对集中的半干旱地区,在表生作用氧化条件下,主要由于大气降水的淋溶和浸泡,粉煤灰中的三价铬可以氧化为六价铬转入水体,并进入地下水造成污染。这与通过该电厂灰场周围地下水Cr6+浓度的监测,其浓度值与灰场下水方向的距离成反向相关的结果得到了进一步的证实。   相似文献   

Dynamic response of an eccentrically lined circular tunnel in poroelastic soil under seismic excitation   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Seyyed M. Hasheminejad  Siavash Kazemirad 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2008,28(4):277-292

An exact analysis for two-dimensional dynamic interaction of monochromatic progressive plane compressional and shear seismic waves with a permeable circular tunnel lining of circumferentially varying wall thickness buried in a boundless porous elastic fluid-saturated formation is presented. The novel features of Biot dynamic theory of poroelasticity in conjunction with the translational addition theorems for cylindrical wave functions, along with the appropriate wave field expansions and the pertinent boundary conditions are employed to develop a closed-form solution in form of infinite series. The analytical results are illustrated with numerical examples in which an air-filled and water-saturated permeable tunnel lining of variable wall thickness, embedded within water-saturated surrounding formations of distinct frame properties (soft, stiff, and stiff viscoelastic soil), is insonified by fast compressional or shear waves at selected angles of incidence. The effects of liner eccentricity, interface permeability, formation material type, incident wave frequency, and angle of incidence on the hoop stress amplitude are evaluated and discussed for representative values of the parameters characterizing the system. Limiting cases are considered and good agreements with the solutions available in the literature are obtained.  相似文献   

特克斯5．9级地震前地下流体异常特征分析     

崔勇  杨晓芳  陈玲  鲁娜  李新勇 《内陆地震》2008,22(2):162-169

2007年7月20日在新疆特克斯县境内发生Ms5．9地震,震前哈萨克斯坦地下流体和新疆部分流体测项出现了前兆异常。通过分析资料,总结出其异常类型大致有3种：①脉冲异常,表现为泉水中气泡规律性大幅度的脉冲,在水位记录纸上形成有一定规律的间隔“脉冲峰”;②波动异常,主要表现为速率变化、上升幅度超出正常波动范围;③年变畸变异常,主要表现为打破年变规律。  相似文献   

基于4种技术方法的地下流体资料预报效能探讨          下载免费PDF全文

胡小静  付虹  张翔  李琼  高文斐 《中国地震》2023,39(4):732-741

分别采用阈值法、速率变化法、趋势转折法和破年变法4种方法,对昭通地区全部地下流体观测资料进行预报效能R值定量计算。针对预报效能较好的测项,依据异常特征和水化学特征,并结合已有研究成果,对这些异常产生的孕震机理进行讨论。结果表明,昭通地区大多数流体异常的最佳预测时段在3个月以内,尤其是速率类异常和趋势转折类异常在出现转折后,具有较好的短临预测意义; 11个测项的预报效能R>R₀,可作为滇东北地区日常跟踪的重点测项; 推断认为大多数异常属于大气降水产生的流体力作用诱发的浅层前兆异常。  相似文献   

苏皖地区2次中强地震前地下流体异常及其形成机理分析     

缪阿丽  叶碧文  张艺  瞿旻  高力 《中国地震》2018,34(2):350-363

归纳总结了安庆M_S4.8地震、高邮-宝应M_S4.9地震前出现的地下流体异常,并对其形成机理作了初步讨论。结果显示,这2次地震前地下流体异常特征比较相似。在时间进程上,都表现出中期趋势背景异常与短临异常的配套性特征。在空间分布上,中期趋势背景阶段,水位异常均表现为震中附近流体井水位呈趋势性转折上升,而震中外围流体井水位呈趋势性转折下降的特点。且转折上升的流体井在空间上的分布方位与地震的发震断层走向一致。在短临阶段,异常均表现为先向外迁移继而向震中靠拢的特点。水位在空间上的规律性分布可能受区域应力场作用以及区域构造格局所控制。  相似文献   

起伏海面对反射地震偏移成像结果的影响          下载免费PDF全文

孟祥羽  孙建国  孙章庆  魏脯力  徐则双 《地球物理学报》2019,62(8):3155-3163

实际海面受风浪的影响是个随机起伏的复杂曲面.一个随机起伏的自由表面对地震波形成相当复杂的散射,进而影响波场在靶区的二次照明与成像结果;此外,起伏海面具有小尺度随机起伏的特性,难以用贴体网格等处理大尺度起伏地表的常规方法和技术对其进行逼近和处理.鉴于此,利用不等距有限差分法实现小尺度起伏海面的波场自由表面边界条件,以此进行正演、波场照明分析;利用逆时偏移（Reverse Time Migration,RTM）进行起伏海面下的成像并对成像结果进行分析.不同模型的试算结果表明：起伏海面引起的复杂散射使靶区地下照明不均匀、成像界面发生弯曲和畸变,从而降低成像结果的分辨率和信噪比.  相似文献   

基于共形辛Euler算法的非金属地下管道精细化高效探地雷达正演模型          下载免费PDF全文

雷建伟  方宏远  李银萍  张娟  杨曼 《地球物理学报》2020,63(8):3192-3204

我国城市地下管线种类繁多、规模巨大.近年来,因城市管网家底不清、位置不明导致的管道挖断事故频发.探地雷达(GPR)是目前最为有效的地下设施探测定位设备,通过对探地雷达回波信号进行反演分析,可获取管道埋深、位置等信息.然而,地下管道等地下圆形目标,传统正演模型中阶梯近似方法会产生一定误差.本文结合辛Euler算法与曲面共形技术,建立探地雷达电磁波在含非金属管道地下结构中传播的精细化数值模型,并通过图形处理器(GPU)加速技术进一步提升模型计算效率.数值模拟结果显示,共形网格技术有效降低了由于阶梯近似造成的虚假绕射波,并通过结合GPU并行计算,在不增加网格密度的前提下,实现了对地下管道电磁响应的高效精细化计算.  相似文献